The recent superstorm of 2024 May 10–11 is the second largest geomagnetic storm in the
space age and the only one that has simultaneous interplanetary data (there were no …

Determination of the energy input for the magnetospheric energy budget is a nontrivial
matter. As no direct means to measure the input are known, various solar wind‐derived …

The present 15th volume of the ISSI Space Science Series is devoted to Auroral Plasma
Physics. The aurora is arguably the most intriguing phenomenon in space plasma physics …

The annual and yearly variation of the substorm activity during a complete solar cycle, from
year 1993 to year 2003, has been examined. Almost 6000 substorms were identified by an …

Substorms during the years 1997 and 1999 are analyzed to examine substorm energy
budget just after solar minimum and prior to solar maximum. The energy input from the solar …

We present a review on geomagnetic indices describing global geomagnetic storm activity
(Kp, am, Dst and dDst/dt) and on indices designed to characterize high latitude currents and …

Auroral substorms are one of the major causes of large geomagnetically induced currents
(GIC) in technological systems. This study deals with different phases of the auroral …

Substorms release a large amount of energy, some of which is used to energize the
precipitating particles in the polar region. Superposed epoch analysis was performed with …

Observations from the Polar Ionospheric X‐ray Imaging Experiment (PIXIE) and the
Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) on board the Polar satellite have been used to examine the energy …

Substorm properties during different storm phases have been studied using an automated
recognition of substorm and storm phases in the auroral electrojet (AL) and ring current (Dst) …