Water availability is a major factor constraining humanity's ability to meet the future food and
energy needs of a growing and increasingly affluent human population. Water plays an …

Mining poses serious and highly specific threats to biodiversity. However, mining can also
be a means for financing alternative livelihood paths that, over the long-term, may prevent …

Environmental, social and governance pressures should feature in future scenario planning
about the transition to a low carbon future. As low-carbon energy technologies advance …

Central and South America (CSA) is a highly diverse region, both culturally and biologically.
It has one of the highest levels of biodiversity on the planet (Hoorn et al., 2010; Zador et al …

Growing demand for minerals continues to drive deforestation worldwide. Tropical forests
are particularly vulnerable to the environmental impacts of mining and mineral processing …

Metal mining provides the elements required for the provision of energy, communication,
transport and more. The increasing uptake of green technology, such as electric vehicles …

Mining is of major economic, environmental and societal consequence, yet knowledge and
understanding of its global footprint is still limited. Here, we produce a global mining land …

Mining activities induce profound changes to societies and the environment they inhabit.
With global extraction of metal ores doubling over the past two decades, pressures related to …

Sustainability in the mining and raw materials sector is a key target in the EU Green deal
agenda. The aim of this work is to determine the degree of importance of risks that may …

Cobalt production is essential in supporting energy storage and electrification initiatives in
the global transition to a low-carbon economy. The main aspects of cobalt production are …