Combinations of antiretroviral drugs have proven remarkably effective in controlling the
progression of HIV disease and prolonging survival, but these benefits can be compromised …

There are 16 approved human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drugs belonging to
three mechanistic classes: protease inhibitors, nucleoside and nucleotide reverse …

The purpose of this study was to document the genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC; formerly Zaire). A total of …

Since their initial expansion in human beings roughly seven decades ago in central Africa,
the HIV-1 pandemic strains have diversified extensively through mutation and …

Objective To study the feasibility, effectiveness, adherence, toxicity and viral resistance in an
African government HAART initiative. Methods A prospective observational cohort study …

HIV-1 comprises three groups, the main (M group), O (outlier) and N (non-M, non-O). The M
group, divided into 11 subtypes, is responsible for the global HIV-1 pandemic …

AIDS is caused by two lentiviruses: HIV-1 and HIV-2 [1, 2]. AIDS was first recognized in the
1980s and is presently the leading cause of death in developing countries. Globally, it is …

We recently reported a high divergence among African subtype F strains. Three well-
separated groups (F1, F2, and F3) have been shown based on the phylogenetic analysis of …

Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug susceptibility studies have involved subtype
B strains. Little information on the impact of viral diversity on natural susceptibility to …

HIV-1 non-subtype B viruses are predominant worldwide. At least 9 different HIV-1 group M
subtypes and 14 circulating recombinant forms differ from one another by 10-15% in their …