The persistence of latent reservoir of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is currently
the major challenge in curing HIV infection. After HIV infects the human body, the latent HIV …

Milk is considered as more than a source of nutrition for infants and is a vector involved in
the transfer of bioactive compounds and cells. Milk contains abundant quantities of …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles derived from cell endocytosis which act as transmitters
between cells. They are composed of proteins, lipids, and RNAs through which they …

The development of effective combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) led to a significant
reduction in the death rate associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) …

Molecular determinants and mechanisms of arthropod-borne flavivirus transmission to the
vertebrate host are poorly understood. In this study, we show for the first time that a cell line …

Abstract Exosomes are nano-vesicles (30–150 nm) which may be useful as therapeutic
delivery vehicles and as diagnostic biomarkers. Exosomes are produced naturally within the …

Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles with a diameter of 30 to 150 nm, are composed of a lipid
bilayer, protein, and genetic material. Exosomes are secreted by virtually all types of cells in …

People living with HIV are affected by the chronic consequences of neurocognitive
impairment (NCI) despite antiretroviral therapies that suppress viral replication, improve …

Objectives HIV infection is well known to cause impairment of the human immune system,
and until recently was a leading cause of death. It has been shown that T lymphocytes are …

Isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cell culture supernatant or plasma can be
accomplished in a variety of ways. Common measures to quantify relative success are …