The pine weevil (Hylobius abietis), a major pest of conifer forests throughout Europe, feeds
on the bark and cambium, tissues rich in terpenoid resins that are toxic to many insect …

Production of antiherbivore chemical defences is generally assumed to be costly in terms of
fitness, although some studies have failed to detect such costs. A convincing explanation is …

I have attempted to reach a wide range of readers, from those with no formal forestry
education through to forest scientists involved in research. This has meant dealing with …

Bark beetles have recently killed billions of trees, yet conifer defenses are formidable and
some trees resist attack. A primary anti-insect defense of pines is oleoresin from a system of …

Climatic extremes have been gathering momentum since the 1880s and are believed to be
a long-term factor increasing the mortality of Scots pine trees, Pinus sylvestris (L.) in Europe …

Defence priming by organismal and non-organismal stimulants can reduce effects of biotic
stress in plants. Thus, it could help efforts to enhance the sustainability of agricultural …

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can induce anatomical and chemical
changes that are components of defence responses in plants. Particularly, MeJA is well …

Jasmonic acid (JA) and related metabolites play a key role in plant defense and growth. JA
carboxyl methyltransferase (JMT) may be involved in plant defense and development by …

Resistance to herbivores and pathogens is considered a key plant trait with strong adaptive
value in trees, usually involving high concentrations of a diverse array of plant secondary …

Pairwise trade-offs among the main dimensions of life history of plants, namely growth,
reproduction and defence, have been hypothesized and repeatedly tested. Experimental …