Every animal species expresses hundreds of different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
that respond to a wide variety of external stimuli. GPCRs-driven signaling pathways are …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) relay numerous extracellular signals by triggering
intracellular signaling through coupling with G proteins and arrestins. Recent breakthroughs …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface receptors that respond to a wide
variety of stimuli, from light, odorants, hormones, and neurotransmitters to proteins and …

Mammalian arrestins are a family of four highly homologous relatively small~ 45 kDa
proteins with surprisingly diverse functions. The most striking feature is that each of the two …

The activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases extracellular signal-regulated
kinase (ERK) 1/2 was traditionally used as a readout of signaling of G protein-coupled …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of signaling proteins targeted by
more clinically used drugs than any other protein family. GPCR signaling via G proteins is …

Rapid developments in genome editing, based largely on CRISPR/Cas9 technologies, are
offering unprecedented opportunities to eliminate the expression of single or multiple gene …

Arrestins demonstrate strong preference for phosphorylated over unphosphorylated
receptors, but how arrestins “sense” receptor phosphorylation is unclear. A conserved lysine …

We tested the interactions with four different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of arrestin-
3 mutants with substitutions in the four loops, three of which contact the receptor in the …

Arrestins play a key role in homologous desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) and regulate several other vital signaling pathways in cells. Considering the critical …