Exoplanets smaller than Neptune are common around red dwarf stars (M dwarfs), with those
that transit their host star constituting the bulk of known temperate worlds amenable for …

A general theory of planet formation has been a topic of intense study over many years. The
interest in such a theory emerges naturally from asking the question of where our planet …

Stellar dynamos generate magnetic fields that are of fundamental importance to the
variability and evolution of Sun-like and low-mass stars, and for the development of their …

Context. Previous theoretical works on planet formation around low-mass stars have often
been limited to large planets and individual systems. As current surveys routinely detect …

Context. The CARMENES exoplanet survey of M dwarfs has obtained more than 18 000
spectra of 329 nearby M dwarfs over the past five years as part of its guaranteed time …

Context. The relevance of M dwarfs in the search for potentially habitable Earth-sized
planets has grown significantly in the last years. Aims. In our on-going effort to …

Our understanding of planet formation has been rapidly evolving in recent years. The
classical planet formation theory, developed when the only known planetary system was our …

Context. The CARMENES instrument, installed at the 3.5 m telescope of the Calar Alto
Observatory in Almería, Spain, was conceived to deliver high-accuracy radial velocity (RV) …

Context. The nearest stars provide a fundamental constraint for our understanding of stellar
physics and the Galaxy. The nearby sample serves as an anchor where all objects can be …

Context. Planet formation is sensitive to the conditions in protoplanetary disks, for which
scaling laws as a function of stellar mass are known. Aims. We aim to test whether the …