The incidence of obesity and over bodyweight is emerging as a major health concern.
Obesity is a complex metabolic disease with multiple pathophysiological clinical conditions …

Appetite is controlled by a complex system of central and peripheral signals interacting to
modulate the ingestion response. Several brain mediators with complex networks adjust …

Seasonal migration is a taxonomically widespread behaviour that integrates across many
traits. The European blackcap exhibits enormous variation in migration and is renowned for …

Abstract The pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate
nucleus (ARC) are involved in the control of food intake and metabolic processes. It is …

Food uncertainty has the effect of invigorating food-related responses. Psychologists have
noted that mammals and birds respond more to a conditioned stimulus that unreliably …

Broiler breeder chickens are commercially feed restricted to slow their growth and improve
their health and production, however, there is research demonstrating that this leads to …

Our target article proposes that a new concept–incentive hope–is necessary in the
behavioral sciences to explain animal foraging under harsh environmental conditions …

In birds little is known about the hormonal signals that communicate nutritional state to the
brain and regulate appetitive behaviours. In mammals, the peptide hormones ghrelin and …

Foraging for nutritional sustenance represents common significant learned/heritable survival
strategies evolved for phylum-diverse cellular life on Earth. Unicellular aneural to …

The ability to regulate food intake is critical to survival. The hypothalamus is central to this
regulation, integrating peripheral signals of energy availability. Although our understanding …