Individuals who have lost the use of their hands because of amputation or spinal cord injury
can use prosthetic hands to restore their independence. A dexterous prosthesis requires the …

Neurological insults, such as congenital blindness, deafness, amputation, and stroke, often
result in surprising and impressive behavioural changes. Cortical reorganisation, which …

Brain-machine interfaces hold promise for the restoration of sensory and motor function and
the treatment of neurological disorders, but clinical brain-machine interfaces have not yet …

Paralyzed muscles can be reanimated following spinal cord injury (SCI) using a brain-
computer interface (BCI) to enhance motor function alone. Importantly, the sense of touch is …

The desire for functional replacement of a missing hand is an ancient one. Historically,
humans have replaced a missing limb with a prosthesis for cosmetic, vocational, or personal …

Brain-computer interfaces are being developed to restore movement for people living with
paralysis due to injury or disease. Although the therapeutic potential is great, long-term …

Background Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is used to map neural circuits and restore
lost sensory modalities such as vision, hearing, and somatosensation. The spatial effects of …

Highlights•Homeostatic mechanisms may sustain persistent representation of a missing
hand.•Recent evidence indicates distributed latent activity across the homunculus.• …

Objective. Persons with tetraplegia can use brain-machine interfaces to make visually
guided reaches with robotic arms. Without somatosensory feedback, these movements will …

Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of the somatosensory cortex evokes vivid tactile
sensations and can be used to convey sensory feedback from brain-controlled bionic hands …