Background Escalating healthcare costs are necessitating the practice of value-based
oncology. It is crucial to critically evaluate the economic impact of influential but expensive …

Cancer immunotherapy, which reactivates weakened immune cells of cancer patients, has
yielded great success in recent years. Among immunotherapeutic agents, immune …

Increasing cancer drug prices present global challenges to treatment access and cancer
outcomes. Substantial variability exists in drug pricing across countries. In countries without …

Importance Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as a first-line therapy for patients with
unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma has been shown to improve overall …

Background Response to immune checkpoint inhibitors depends on tumor intrinsic
properties and also on host factors in the tumour microenvironment including the presence …

Molecular imaging of the immune checkpoint receptor PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 is
increasingly investigated as a strategy to guide and monitor PD-1: PD-L1-targeted immune …

Immune checkpoints, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), limit T-cell function and
tumor cells use this ligand to escape the anti-tumor immune response. Treatments with …

Background We studied trends in lung cancer treatment cost over time by phase of care,
treatment strategy, age, stage at diagnosis, and histology. Methods Using the Surveillance …

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC) have been rapidly evolving. ICIs are likely to be more effective but also lead to …

Importance Treatment with nivolumab-ipilimumab combination therapy was found to
improve overall survival compared with chemotherapy among patients with advanced non …