Aerosol forcing uncertainty represents the largest climate forcing uncertainty overall. Its
magnitude has remained virtually undiminished over the past 20 years despite considerable …

Short‑lived climate forcers (SLCFs) affect climate and are, in most cases, also air pollutants.
They include aerosols (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, carbonaceous aerosols, mineral dust …

Airborne mineral dust particles can act as natural seeds for cirrus clouds in the upper
troposphere. However, the atmospheric abundance of dust is unconstrained in cirrus …

Within the framework of the AeroCom (Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and
Models) initiative, the state-of-the-art modelling of aerosol optical properties is assessed …

Chlorine atoms (Cl) are highly reactive and can strongly influence the abundances of
climate and air quality-relevant trace gases. Despite extensive research on molecular …

Human activities have increased atmospheric emissions and deposition of oxidized and
reduced forms of nitrogen, but emission control programs have largely focused on oxidized …

This article describes the IFS-AER aerosol module used operationally in the Integrated
Forecasting System (IFS) cycle 45R1, operated by the European Centre for Medium-Range …

Aerosol particles are essential constituents of the Earth's atmosphere, impacting the earth
radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, and indirectly by …

The spatial distribution and properties of submicron organic aerosol (OA) are among the key
sources of uncertainty in our understanding of aerosol effects on climate. Uncertainties are …

Ambient nitrate has been of increasing concern in PM 2.5, while there are still large
uncertainties in quantifying the formation of nitrate aerosol. The formation pathways of nitrate …