Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), characterized with metabolic disorder triggered
cardiovascular events, is a leading cause of death and disability. Metabolic disorders trigger …

Due to its safety, convenience, low cost and good compliance, oral administration attracts
lots of attention. However, the efficacy of many oral drugs is limited to their unsatisfactory …

The role of endogenous bile acids as lipid stabilizers aiding uptake of lipophilic nutrients via
micelle formation and saponification effects is well documented and precedes their growing …

Introduction Oral delivery is the most common administrated drug delivery path. However,
oral administration of lipophilic drugs has some limitations: they have poor dose-response …

Background: Sensorineural hearing loss has been associated with oxidative stress.
However, an antioxidant that passes effectively through the ear remains elusive. Method …

Deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) are bile
acids that may serve as permeation enhancers when incorporated within the nanogel matrix …

Bile acids have recently been studied for potential applications as formulation excipients
and enhancers for drug release; however, some bile acids are not suitable for this …

Probucol (PB) is a drug that exhibits significant hydrophobicity and substantial intra and inter
individual variability in oral absorption, with a miniature bioavailability and complex three …

Background. Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related pathophysiological
processes, both occurring in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to the standard …

Aging is considered a contributing factor to many diseases such as cardiovascular disease,
Alzheimer's disease, and hearing loss. Age-related hearing loss, also termed presbycusis, is …