Plants frequently suffer attack from herbivores and microbial pathogens, and have evolved a
complex array of defence mechanisms to resist defoliation and disease. These include both …

Studies on the vertical distribution patterns of arthropods in temperate deciduous forests
reveal highly stratified (ie, unevenly vertically distributed) communities. These patterns are …

1. Community level oak–tannin–insect patterns have been largely unexplored since Paul
Feeny's ground‐breaking research. Two hypotheses were tested for Quercus velutina and …

We review the existing literature on patterns of moth (Lepidoptera) species richness and
community composition in northeastern Nearctic forest ecosystems across hierarchical …

Poised between soil and sky, forest canopies represent a critical point of exchange between
the atmosphere and the earth, yet until recently, they remained a largely unexplored frontier …

This study investigated spatio-temporal variation in the leaf area consumed by insect
herbivores within a canopy of Fagus crenata, with reference to the light conditions of leaf …

Microclimate in different positions on a host plant has strong direct effects on herbivores. But
little is known about indirect effects due to changes of leaf traits. We hypothesized that …

Understory shrubs contribute to overall species diversity, providing habitat and forage for
animals, influence soil chemistry and forest microclimate. However, very little is known about …

Background Insect herbivory has profound impacts on ecosystem processes and services.
Although many efforts have been made to recognize the main drivers of insect herbivory at …

Abstract 1 We characterized and compared diversity patterns of canopy and understorey
spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) on sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and American …