Ten years ago,'Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian
perspective'was published. At the time, our understanding of the reptilian immune system …

Reptiles, the only ectothermic amniotes, employ a wide variety of physiological adaptations
to adjust to their environments but remain vastly understudied in the field of immunology and …

Stressful experiences can promote harmful effects on physiology and fitness. However,
stress-mediated hormonal and immune changes are complex and may be highly dependent …

Human population and thus anthropogenic disturbance of natural systems are increasing at
staggering rates. However, the impact of disturbance on natural systems likely varies with …

There is growing interest in the use of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones to understand how wild
animals respond to environmental challenges. Blood is the best medium for obtaining …

In the last decades, it is growing the idea that stress-induced immunomodulation is bimodal:
with acute stress associated with enhancing effects while chronic stress with suppressive …

When access to resources is limited, organisms must shift energy investment among
physiological processes to survive, reproduce, and respond to unpredictable events. The …

The glucocorticoid hormone corticosterone (CORT) has classically been used in
ecophysiological studies as a proxy for stress and energy mobilization, but rarely are CORT …

Reproduction is energetically expensive and investing in this life history trait is likely
accompanied by significant changes in physiological activity. Investment strategy necessary …

Energy is a finite resource required for all physiological processes and must be allocated
efficiently among essential activities to ensure fitness and survival. During the active season …