The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has seen rapid spread, disease morbidities and death
associated with substantive social, economic and societal impacts. Treatments rely on re …

During the past decade several notable viruses have suddenly emerged from obscurity or
anonymity to become serious global health threats, provoking concern regarding their …

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are non-infectious self-assembling nanoparticles, useful in
medicine and nanotechnology. Their repetitive molecularly-defined architecture is attractive …

Nanoscale organization is crucial to stimulating an immune response. Using self-
assembling proteins as multimerization platforms provides a safe and immunogenic system …

A long-standing challenge is how to formulate proteins and vaccines to retain function
during storage and transport and to remove the burdens of cold-chain management. Any …

Introduction: The development of novel complex biotherapeutics led to new challenges in
biopharmaceutical industry. The potential of these particles has been demonstrated by the …

The development of virus-like particle (VLP) technology has had an enormous impact on
modern vaccinology. In order to optimize the efficacy and safety of VLP-based vaccines …

Subunit vaccines containing one or more target antigens from pathogenic organisms
represent safer alternatives to whole pathogen vaccines. However, the antigens by …

Recombinant virus-like particle-based vaccines are composed of viral structural proteins
and mimic authentic native viruses but are devoid of viral genetic materials. They are the …

Engineering modular platforms to control biomolecular architecture can advance both the
understanding and the manipulation of biological systems. Icosahedral particles uniformly …