In this review we will focus on a topic of fundamental importance for both astrophysics and
plasma physics, namely the occurrence of large-amplitude low-frequency fluctuations of the …

Modelling the transport of cosmic rays (CRs) in the heliosphere represents a global
challenge in the field of heliophysics, in that such a study, if it were to be performed from first …

The theory of nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (NI MHD) was developed
largely in the early 1990s, together with an important extension to inhomogeneous flows in …

It is argued here that the inner heliosphere is filled with a network of entangled magnetic flux
tubes and that the flux tubes are fossil structures that originate at the solar surface. 65,860 …

We consider ion heating by turbulent Alfvén waves (AWs) and kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs)
with wavelengths (measured perpendicular to the magnetic field) that are comparable to the …

A primary goal of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Mission is to answer the outstanding
question of how the solar corona plasma is heated to the high temperatures needed for the …

In situ measurements of the solar wind and remote observations of coronal holes have
strongly implicated the resonant interaction with ion cyclotron waves as the responsible …

The magnetic field of the Sun is the underlying cause of the many diverse phenomena
combined under the heading of solar activity. Here we describe the magnetic field as it …

We develop a one-dimensional solar-wind model that includes separate energy equations
for the electrons and protons, proton temperature anisotropy, collisional and collisionless …

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