The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future
technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their …

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are intensely coloured, robust macrocycles that possess admirable
chemical, thermal and photo-stability as a result of its extensive π-network. The Pc family …

Designing and synthesizing efficient molecular catalysts may unlock the great challenge of
controlling the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) with molecular precision. Nickel …

Graphene has been hailed as a wonderful material in electronics, and recently, it is the
rising star in photonics, as well. The wonderful optical properties of graphene afford multiple …

Tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines, and
porpholactones, are highly stable macrocyclic compounds that play important roles in many …

The field of nonlinear optics (NLO) has been developing for a few decades as a promising
field with important applications in the domain of photoelectronics and photonics. 1-3 NLO …

Porphyrins and phthalocyanines have outstanding chemical and thermal stability. The
macrocyclic structure and chemical reactivity of tetrapyrroles offers architectural flexibility …

Phthalocyanines (Pc) produced for 75 years as blue and green pigments are the most
important organic colorants. Color fastness, homogeneity, intensity, stability combined with a …

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are robust macrocycles dyes, exhibiting high thermal, chemical, and
photostability due to the extensive π conjugation. This dye class has found a wide …

Phthalocyanines are versatile building blocks for fabricating materials at the nanometer
scale. These colored macrocycles exhibit fascinating physical properties which arise from …