Pathogens exploit multiple cellular and molecular pathways in the host organisms for their
entry, survival and dissemination. The cell surface receptors such as G protein-coupled …

Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled eukaryotic parasite with a considerable host range that
must invade the cells of warm-blooded hosts to survive and replicate. The challenges and …

In both mice and humans, Type II interferon gamma (IFNγ) is crucial for the regulation of
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection, during acute or chronic phases. To thwart this …

Intracellular pathogens and other endosymbionts reprogram host cell transcription to
suppress immune responses and recalibrate biosynthetic pathways. This reprogramming is …

Microsporidia are intracellular eukaryotic pathogens that pose a substantial threat to
immunocompromised hosts. The way these pathogens manipulate host cells during …

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that subverts host cell functions via secreted
virulence factors. Up to 70% of parasite-controlled changes in the host transcriptome rely on …

Toxoplasma gondii's propensity to infect its host and cause disease is highly dependent on
its ability to modulate host cell functions. One of the strategies the parasite uses to …

Dendritic cells and macrophages are integral parts of the innate immune system and
gatekeepers against infection. The protozoan pathogen, Toxoplasma gondii, is known to …

A variety of intestinal-derived culture systems have been developed to mimic in vivo cell
behavior and organization, incorporating different tissue and microenvironmental elements …

Microsporidia are prolific producers of effector molecules, encompassing both proteins and
nonproteinaceous effectors, such as toxins, small RNAs, and small peptides. These secreted …