Surfactants are a group of amphiphilic chemical compounds (ie, having both hydrophobic
and hydrophilic domains) that form an indispensable component in almost every sector of …

The anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process was considered a very efficient
and economic wastewater treatment technology immediately after its discovery in 1995, thus …

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for marine organisms, and it is now well established
that low Fe availability controls phytoplankton productivity, community structure, and …

The marine environment is the largest aquatic ecosystem on Earth and it harbours
microorganisms responsible for more than 50% of total biomass of prokaryotes in the world …

Marine biosphere offers wealthy flora and fauna, which represents a vast natural resource of
imperative functional commercial grade products. Among the various bioactive compounds …

A biofilm is a common life form where bacterial cells crowd together surrounded by an
extracellular matrix (ECM). Traditionally, the ECM is considered as a structural material that …

Biogranulation is a promising biotechnology developed for wastewater treatment.
Biogranules exhibit a matrix microbial structure, and intensive research has shown that …

Abstract Microplastics (< 5 mm) have often been studied under in-vitro conditions where
plastics have been investigated in isolation. However, in the natural environment …

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of microbial origin are a complex mixture of
biopolymers comprising polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, uronic acids, humic …

Many marine bacteria produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) as a strategy for growth, adhering
to solid surfaces, and to survive adverse conditions. There is growing interest in isolating …