Microglia are specialized dynamic immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that
plays a crucial role in brain homeostasis and in disease states. Persistent …

Increased life expectancy in combination with modern life style and high prevalence of
obesity are important risk factors for development of neurodegenerative diseases …

Aims/hypothesis Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) promotes the proliferation, differentiation
and survival of macrophages, which have been implicated in both beneficial and detrimental …

The hypothalamus is a critical brain region for the regulation of energy homeostasis. Over
the years, studies on energy metabolism primarily focused on the neuronal component of …

Microglia are dynamic cells, constantly surveying their surroundings and interacting with
neurons and synapses. Indeed, a wealth of knowledge has revealed a critical role of …

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the
most common form of dementia in the world. Microglia are the innate immune cells of CNS; …

Environmental enrichment (EE) is an experimental paradigm that is used to explore how a
complex, stimulating environment can impact overall health. In laboratory animal …

Although traditionally seen as regulators of hematopoiesis, colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)
have emerged as important players in the nervous system, both in health and disease. This …

Background We previously found that air pollution particles reaching the gastrointestinal
tract elicit gut inflammation as shown by up-regulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory …

The majority of research on the long-term effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) has primarily
focused on neuropathic pain (NP), psychological issues, and sensorimotor impairments …