Artificial refuges are human‐made structures that aim to create safe places for animals to
breed, hibernate, or take shelter in lieu of natural refuges. Artificial refuges are used across …

Evidence suggests that nest predation is a serious problem for the conservation of bird
populations. Managers are, therefore, faced with decisions of whether to intervene to reduce …

Individuals of many avian and mammalian species produce antipredator calls when they
encounter a predator. These calls often vary in acoustic structure depending on the type or …

Humans have long provided nest boxes in a widespread and popular effort to augment
nesting sites for cavity‐nesting birds. Nest boxes, however, may provide easy access for …

Simple Summary On a global scale, about 20% of bird species nest in tree cavities, and
many of these species will utilise artificial nestboxes. Homeowners often add nestboxes to …

The biodiversity crisis is exacerbated by a growing human population modifying nearly three‐
quarters of the Earth's land surface area for anthropogenic uses. Habitat loss and …

The use of artificial nest boxes to bolster populations of endangered cavity-nesting birds has
increased significantly, but spatial variation of nest-box occupancy rates and breeding …

Tree hollows are an important resource for cavity‐nesting birdlife. When large, old trees are
removed from a landscape, nest boxes are often installed as part of restoration efforts to …

Secondary cavity nesters are species that breed in cavities made by other species. A
variable but marked proportion of their nests undergo predation, especially in areas where …

Nest boxes are frequently used in conservation programs for tree-cavity dependent wildlife.
There is growing concern that the poor insulation properties of nest boxes may produce an …