Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) consists of a combination of drugs to achieve
maximal virological response and reduce the potential for the emergence of antiviral …

This chapter reviews the basic concepts of vaginal drug delivery alongside the latest
developments and future perspectives in the field. Particular focus is set in essential aspects …

Pathogens often rely on the contacts between hosts for transmission. Most viruses have
adapted their transmission mechanisms to defined behaviours of their host (s) and have …

Griffithsin (Grft) is a protein lectin derived from red algae that tightly binds the HIV envelope
protein gp120 and effectively inhibits virus infection. This inhibition is due to the binding by …

The failures of several first‐generation and second‐generation small molecule drug‐based
anti‐HIV therapies in various stages of clinical trials are an indication that there is a need for …

Preventing HIV transmission by the use of a vaginal microbicide is a topic of considerable
interest in the fight against AIDS. Both a potent anti-HIV agent and an efficient formulation …

Antiretroviral-based microbicides may offer a means to reduce the sexual transmission of
HIV-1. Suboptimal use of a microbicide may, however, lead to the development of drug …

Microbicides are being developed in order to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. Dapivirine,
a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is one of the leading drug candidates in the …

Twenty-six antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), targeting five different steps in the life cycle of the
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), have been approved for the treatment of HIV …

We previously showed that a carrageenan (CG) gel containing 50 μM MIV-150 (MIV-
150/CG) reduced vaginal simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-RT infection of …