Iron is a critical element for living cells in terrestrial life. Although iron metabolism is strictly
controlled in the body, disturbance of iron homeostasis under certain type of condition leads …

Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling mediates
almost all immune regulatory processes, including those that are involved in tumor cell …

Janus kinase/signal transduction and transcription activation (JAK/STAT) pathways were
originally thought to be intracellular signaling pathways that mediate cytokine signals in …

The immune system functions in a sexually dimorphic manner, with females exhibiting more
robust immune responses than males. However, how female sex hormones affect immune …

Type I interferons (IFNs) have diverse effects on innate and adaptive immune cells during
infection with viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi, directly and/or indirectly through the …

The interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that protect against disease by direct effects
on target cells and by activating immune responses. The production and actions of IFNs are …

N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent posttranscriptional modification on RNA.
NK cells are the predominant innate lymphoid cells that mediate antiviral and antitumor …

Infection is restrained by the concerted activation of tissue-resident and circulating immune
cells. Whether tissue-resident lymphocytes confer early antiviral immunity at local sites of …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a unique class of immune cells that act as a bridge between innate
and adaptive immunity. The discovery of DCs by Cohen and Steinman in 1973 laid the …

This review addresses important issues of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
virus (PRRSV) infection, immunity, pathogenesis, and control. Worldwide, PRRS is the most …