Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are natural flavan-3-ol polymers that contribute protection to plants
under biotic and abiotic stress, benefits to human health, and bitterness and astringency to …

Medicinal plants are essential and rich resources for plant-based medicines and new drugs.
Increasing attentions are paid to the secondary metabolites of medicinal plants due to their …

This study investigated the impact of polymeric proanthocyanidins (PPC) on the
physicochemical characteristics of maize starch with varying amylose content, and their …

Flavonoids, such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs), play essential roles in plant
growth, development, and stress response. Red-fleshed apples represent a valuable …

Flavonoids, including proanthocyanidins (PAs), anthocyanins and flavonols are essential
secondary metabolites that contribute to the nutritional value and sensory quality of grape …

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) and anthocyanins are flavonoids that contribute to the quality and
health benefits of grapes and wine. Salinity affects their biosynthesis, but the underlying …

Chestnut plants (Castanea) are important nut fruit trees worldwide. However, little is known
regarding the genetic relationship and evolutionary history of different species within the …

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), one of the most abundant natural polymers found in plants, are
gaining increasing attention because of their beneficial effects for agriculture and human …

Aquatic ferns of the genus Azolla (Azolla) form highly productive symbioses with filamentous
cyanobacteria fixing N2 in their leaf cavities, Nostoc azollae. Stressed symbioses …

Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are complex flavan-3-ol polymers with stunning chemical
complexity due to oxygenation patterns, oxidative phenolic ring linkages, and intricate …