An assessment of Earth's climate sensitivity using multiple lines of evidence
We assess evidence relevant to Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity per doubling of
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …
The Miocene: The future of the past
M Steinthorsdottir, HK Coxall… - Paleoceanography …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract The Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …
Changing state of the climate system
2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …
An astronomically dated record of Earth's climate and its predictability over the last 66 million years
Much of our understanding of Earth's past climate comes from the measurement of oxygen
and carbon isotope variations in deep-sea benthic foraminifera. Yet, long intervals in …
and carbon isotope variations in deep-sea benthic foraminifera. Yet, long intervals in …
[HTML][HTML] Effective radiative forcing and adjustments in CMIP6 models
The effective radiative forcing, which includes the instantaneous forcing plus adjustments
from the atmosphere and surface, has emerged as the key metric of evaluating human and …
from the atmosphere and surface, has emerged as the key metric of evaluating human and …
Pliocene and Eocene provide best analogs for near-future climates
KD Burke, JW Williams, MA Chandler… - Proceedings of the …, 2018 - National Acad Sciences
As the world warms due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves
toward climate states without societal precedent, challenging adaptation. Past Earth system …
toward climate states without societal precedent, challenging adaptation. Past Earth system …
Spatial patterns of climate change across the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 56 Ma) is one of our best geological
analogs for understanding climate dynamics in a “greenhouse” world. However, proxy data …
analogs for understanding climate dynamics in a “greenhouse” world. However, proxy data …
Changing atmospheric CO2 concentration was the primary driver of early Cenozoic climate
Abstract The Early Eocene Climate Optimum (EECO, which occurred about 51 to 53 million
years ago), was the warmest interval of the past 65 million years, with mean annual surface …
years ago), was the warmest interval of the past 65 million years, with mean annual surface …
Beyond equilibrium climate sensitivity
Equilibrium climate sensitivity characterizes the Earth's long-term global temperature
response to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. It has reached almost iconic status …
response to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. It has reached almost iconic status …
An economist's guide to climate change science
This article provides a brief introduction to the physical science of climate change, aimed
towards economists. We begin by describing the physics that controls global climate, how …
towards economists. We begin by describing the physics that controls global climate, how …