The formation of flowers is one of the main models for studying the regulatory mechanisms
that underlie plant development and evolution. Over the past three decades, extensive …

Flowers come in a variety of colors, shapes and sizes. Despite this variety, flowers have a
very stereotypical architecture, consisting of a series of sterile organs surrounding the …

Flowers are the most complex structures of plants. Studies of Arabidopsis thaliana, which
has typical eudicot flowers, have been fundamental in advancing the structural and …

Floral stem cells produce a defined number of floral organs before ceasing to be maintained
as stem cells. Therefore, floral stem cells offer an ideal model to study the temporal control of …

Quantitative information on growing organs is required to better understand morphogenesis
in both plants and animals. However, detailed analyses of growth patterns at cellular …

Plants are sessile organisms that need to complete their life cycle by the integration of
different abiotic and biotic environmental signals, tailoring developmental cues and defense …

Unlike animals, plants produce new organs throughout their life cycle using pools of stem
cells that are organized in meristems. Although many key regulators of meristem and organ …

Plant architecture is dictated by precise control of meristematic activity. In the shoot, an
imbalance in positive or negative maintenance signals can result in a fasciated or enlarged …

Summary In Arabidopsis, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 3 (ARF 3) belongs to the auxin
response factor (ARF) family that regulates the expression of auxin‐responsive genes. ARF …

Background Salt and drought are the main abiotic stresses that restrict the yield of crops.
Peroxidases (PRXs) are involved in various abiotic stress responses. Furthermore, only few …