Bacterial biofilms are complex surface attached communities of bacteria held together by
self-produced polymer matrixs mainly composed of polysaccharides, secreted proteins, and …

Biofilm-related multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in hospital-acquired
infections (HAIs) that increase patient morbidity and mortality rates and economic burdens …

Water‐soluble polymers (WSPs) are a versatile group of chemicals used across industries
for different purposes such as thickening, stabilizing, adhesion and gelation. Synthetic …

Microbial biofilms are formed by adherence of the bacteria through their secreted polymer
matrices. The major constituents of the polymer matrices are extracellular DNAs, proteins …

Cooperation exists across all scales of biological organization, from genetic elements to
complex human societies. Bacteria cooperate by secreting molecules that benefit all …

Food and beverage industries operate their production units under stringent hygiene
standards to verify high-quality products. However, the presence of biofilms can cause …

Bacterial resistance is an emergency public health problem worldwide, compounded by the
ability of bacteria to form biofilms, mainly in seriously ill hospitalized patients. The World …

Pyocyanin was the first natural phenazine described. The molecule is synthesized by about
95% of the strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. From discovery up to now, pyocyanin has …

The ability to form biofilms is a common feature of microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi.
These consortiums can colonize a variety of surfaces, such as host tissues, dentures, and …

Microplastics, fragmented plastic particles with a maximum dimension< 5 mm, are an
emerging contaminant of concern that can also serve as a vector of other chemical and …