The acute or chronic drug treatments for different neurodegenerative and psychiatric
disorders are challenging from several aspects. The low bioavailability and limited brain …

Treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is very difficult due to the blood–brain
barrier's (BBB) ability to severely restrict entry of all but small, non-polar compounds …

Introduction: The blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a stringent barrier for delivery of
neurotherapeutics in vivo. An attempt to overcome this barrier is represented by the direct …

We investigated the CNS delivery of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a 7.65 kDa protein
neurotrophic factor, following intranasal administration and the possible pathways and …

Intranasal delivery provides a practical, non-invasive method of bypassing the blood-brain
barrier (BBB) to deliver therapeutic agents to the brain and spinal cord. This technology …

Neurons are particularly susceptible to microtubule (MT) defects and deregulation of the MT
cytoskeleton is considered to be a common insult during the pathogenesis of …

Neurotrophic factors are proteins with considerable potential in the treatment of central
nervous system (CNS) diseases and traumatic injuries. However, a significant challenge to …

Abstract Nose-to-brain (N-to-B) delivery offers to protein and peptide drugs the possibility to
reach the brain in a non-invasive way. This article is a comprehensive review of the state-of …

Recent human clinical studies with the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine have
revealed profound and long-lasting antidepressant effects with rapid onset in several clinical …

There are multiple mechanisms by which alcohol can damage the developing brain, but the
type of damage induced will depend on the amount and developmental timing of exposure …