In this report the use of eye cosmetic products and procedures and how this represents a
lifestyle challenge that may exacerbate or promote the development of ocular surface and …

Capillary malformations (CMs), also known as port-wine stains or nevus flammeus, are the
most common type of congenital vascular malformations. They are present at birth and …

Background Since the early '80s, the pulsed dye laser has been the standard treatment tool
for non‐invasive port wine stain (PWS) removal. In the last three decades, a considerable …

Background Valid and reliable outcome measures are needed to determine and compare
treatment results of port wine stain (PWS) studies. Besides, uniformity in outcome measures …

Port-wine stains are congenital vascular malformations that affect the quality of life of
children and their parents. This study used the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index and …

Despite extensive efforts to optimize laser therapy, ie, the current gold standard treatment, a
majority of port wine stain (PWS) patients responds suboptimally to laser therapy. This paper …

Background Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is an
effective method for treating port wine stains (PWS). However, methods to evaluate the …

Background Pulsed dye laser is the first treatment choice for port-wine stains. However, as
some facial port-wine stains are resistant to this modality, we evaluated the efficacy and …

Background Capillary malformations of the head and neck region often cause psychological
and physical burden. As the effectiveness of modern laser and light therapies is still …

Significance Hemoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) has been
recognized as a safe and effective treatment for port wine stain (PWS). However, some …