Highlights•> 20,000 flares in the US emit 20–21 million metric tons of CO 2 e (15% as
methane).•< 100 flares are estimated to account for more than half of the total …

Flaring is a technique used extensively in the oil and gas industry to burn unwanted
flammable gases. Oxidation of the gas can preclude emissions of methane (a potent …

Black carbon (BC) emissions from gas flaring in the oil and gas industry are postulated to
have critical impacts on climate and public health, but actual emission rates remain poorly …

Approximately 150 billion cubic meters (BCM) of natural gas is flared and vented in the
world annually, emitting greenhouse gases and other pollutants with no energy benefit …

Particulate matter emissions from unconfined sources such as gas flares are extremely
difficult to quantify, yet there is a significant need for this measurement capability due to the …

A new generalized theory governing sky-LOSA measurements (line-of-sight attenuation
measurements of sky-light) of soot mass flux in atmospheric plumes has been developed …

Remote optical measurement techniques are valuable tools for the quantification of
combustion-generated, climate-forcing emissions. Leveraging radiometric observations …

Species yields and combustion efficiency of lab-scale flares, turbulent non-premixed
buoyant flames, were measured. A new facility was constructed allowing gas mixtures to be …

Industrial combustion processes are an important source of particulate matter, causing
significant pollution problems that affect human health, and are a major contributor to global …

Experiments examined the effects of flow conditions and fuel chemistry on the soot
emissions from turbulent buoyant diffusion flames burning methane-dominated alkane fuels …