Synthetic chemists have developed robust methods to synthesize discrete molecules, linear
and branched polymers, and disordered cross-linked networks. However, two-dimensional …

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM), a key invention in nanoscience, has by now been
extended to a wide spectrum of basic and applied fields. Its application to basic science led …

Ferroelectric materials are fascinating for their non-volatile switchable electric polarizations
induced by the spontaneous inversion-symmetry breaking. However, in all of the …

Synthetic carbon allotropes such as graphene, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes have
revolutionized materials science and led to new technologies. Many hypothetical carbon …

Carbon allotropes built from rings of two-coordinate atoms, known as cyclo [n] carbons, have
fascinated chemists for many years, but until now they could not be isolated or structurally …

With the rapid development of scanning probe microscopy, it has become possible to study
polymerization processes on suitable surfaces at the atomic level and in real space. In the …

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was introduced in 1986 and has since made its way into
surface science, nanoscience, chemistry, biology, and material science as an imaging and …

Petroleum is one of the most precious and complex molecular mixtures existing. Because of
its chemical complexity, the solid component of crude oil, the asphaltenes, poses an …

All-carbon materials based on sp 2-hybridized atoms, such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes
and graphene, have been much explored due to their remarkable physicochemical …

The robust, sensitive, and selective detection of targeted biomolecules in their native
environment by prospective nanostructures holds much promise for real-time, accurate, and …