Microglia are critical nervous system‐specific immune cells serving as tissue‐resident
macrophages influencing brain development, maintenance of the neural environment …

Studies on monocyte and macrophage biology and differentiation have revealed the
pleiotropic activities of these cells. Macrophages are tissue sentinels that maintain tissue …

The purpose of immunology is simple. Cure or prevent disease. M1/M2 is useful because it
is simple. M1/M2 describes the two major and opposing activities of macrophages. M1 …

M1 and M2 macrophage-type responses kill or repair in vivo. The unique ability of
macrophages to make these polar opposite type of responses provides primary host …

Successful immunotherapy of cancer is becoming a reality aided by the realization that
macrophages play an important role in the growth or regression of tumors. Specifically …

The purpose of this perspective is to describe a critical advance in understanding how
immune responses work. Macrophages are required for all animal life:'Inhibit'type …

The foreign body reaction (FBR) is a response of the host tissue against more or less
degradation-resistant foreign macromolecular material. The reaction is divided into five …

Evidence is provided that macrophages can make M-1 or M-2 responses. The concept of M-
1/M-2 fomented from observations that macrophages from prototypical Th1 strains (C57BL/6 …

T cells infiltrating tumors have a decreased expression of signal transduction proteins, a
diminished ability to proliferate, and a decreased production of cytokines. The mechanisms …

Patients with cancer have an impaired T‐cell response that can decrease the potential
therapeutic benefit of cancer vaccines and other forms of immunotherapy. l‐arginine (l‐Arg) …