State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O (100 km), which is
too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth …

Using the 5 km coupled general circulation model ICON, the surface internal wave energy
source, crucial for the oceanic circulation, is quantified as the wind‐induced wave energy …

We present a new discretization of sea ice dynamics on the sphere. The approach describes
sea ice motion in tangent planes to the sphere. On each triangle of the mesh, the ice …

One important tool at our disposal to evaluate the robustness of Global Circulation Models
(GCMs) is to understand the horizontal discretization of the dynamical core under a shallow …

Tropical precipitation extremes and their changes with surface warming are investigated
using global storm resolving simulations and high-resolution observations. The simulations …

We re-examine the Lorenz energy cycle (LEC) for the global ocean by assessing its
sensitivity to model and forcing differences. We do so by comparing LECs derived from two …

The non‐local model of mixing based on internal wave breaking, IDEMIX, is implemented as
an enhancement of a turbulent kinetic energy closure model in three non‐eddy resolving …

Tropical sea surface temperature (SST) biases can cause atmospheric biases on global
scales, hence SST needs to be represented well in climate models. A major source of …

全球海洋环流模式是地球系统数值模拟的关键组成部分, 在气候预估和海洋环境预报中扮演着至
关重要的角色. 系统回顾了全球海洋环流模式的发展历程, 并综述了该领域近年来的重要科技 …

This paper evaluates barotropic tides simulated by a newly developed multi-layer ocean
general circulation, ICON-O, and assesses processes and model configurations that can …