Influenza A viruses are zoonotic pathogens that continuously circulate and change in
several animal hosts, including birds, pigs, horses and humans. The emergence of novel …

Objectives The risk of acquisition and transmission of respiratory infections is high among
attendees of mass gatherings (MGs). Currently used interventions have limitations yet the …

Mass gatherings are characterized by the concentration of people temporally and spatially,
and may lead to the emergence of infectious diseases due to enhanced transmission …

Background In this large-scale cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT) we sought to
assess the effectiveness of facemasks against viral respiratory infections. Methods and …

Since past century, vector-borne diseases have been a major public health concern in
several states of Mexico. However, Mexico City continues to be free of endemic mosquito …

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has emerged in the Arabian
Gulf region, with its epicentre in Saudi Arabia, the host of the 'Hajj'which is the world's the …

Background All mass gatherings can place travelers at risk for infectious diseases, but the
size and density of the annual Hajj pilgrimage to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) present …

In the minds of many, large scale open air festivals have become associated with spring and
summer, attracting many people, and in the case of music festivals, thousands of music fans …

Vaccines have significantly reduced the detrimental effects of numerous human infectious
diseases worldwide, helped to reduce drastically child mortality rates and even achieved …

Introduction Mass gatherings (MG) may provide ideal conditions for influenza transmission.
The evidence for an association between MG and influenza transmission is reviewed to …