The immune system is a remarkable information processing and self learning system that
offers inspiration to build artificial immune system (AIS). The field of AIS has obtained a …

A major issue in land cover mapping is classifier selection. Here we investigated classifier
performance under different sample sizes, reference class distribution, and scene …

The growing anthropogenic pressure near estuarine areas is evidence of the relevance of
these systems to human well-being, especially because of their delivery of essential …

The artificial immune network (AIN), a computational intelligence model based on artificial
immune systems inspired by the vertebrate immune system, has been widely utilized for …

In this article, we propose a sparse feature clustering network (SFCNet) for change detection
in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. One of the principal problems in dealing with SAR …

The large number of spectral bands in hyperspectral images provides abundant information
to distinguish different land covers. However, these spectral bands have much redundancy …

In the last few years the scientific community has realized that obtaining a better
understanding of interactions between natural systems and the man-made environment …

The focus of this research is to develop a classifier using an artificial immune system (AIS)
combined with population-based incremental learning (PBIL) and collaborative filtering (CF) …

High-resolution multispectral remote sensing images offer valuable information about
various land features, providing essential details and spatially accurate representations. In …

Cellular automata (CA) have been increasingly used in simulating urban expansion and
land-use dynamics. However, most urban CA models rely on empirical data for deriving …