Ferroelectric liquid crystals have been a major research topic since 30 years. However,
when it comes to liquid crystals, the term “ferroelectric” is strongly ambiguous and frequently …

The interaction of fractional diffraction and parity-time (PT) symmetric would bring some
unique properties to certain physical system. Here we report a spontaneous symmetry …

We study symmetry breaking of solitons in the framework of a nonlinear fractional
Schrödinger equation (NLFSE), characterized by its Lévy index, with cubic nonlinearity and …

We examine an example of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a double-well waveguide
with a symmetric potential. The ground state of the system beyond a critical power becomes …

We consider a class of nonlinear Schrödinger/Gross–Pitaeveskii (NLS-GP) equations, ie,
NLS with a linear potential. NLS-GP plays an important role in the mathematical modeling of …

In 1970, two seemingly unrelated reports about nematic liquid crystals appeared in the
scientific literature: at Kent State University, Adrian de Vries reported local smectic order in a …

The possible symmetries of the biaxial nematic phase are examined against the implications
of the presently available experimental results. Contrary to the widespread notion that …

Both phenomenological and molecular-statistical theories of the anticlinic smectic-C A
phase (Sm-C A) are considered in detail. The anticlinic structure produces antiferroelectricity …

In this paper, we address the double-loop symmetry breaking bifurcations of optical vortex
solitons in the two-dimensional (2D) fractional cubic–quintic nonlinear Schrödinger …

The nature of the nanoscale structural organization in modulated nematic phases formed by
molecules having a nonlinear molecular architecture is a central issue in contemporary …