INTRODUCTION—The neuropathies are among the most common of the long-term
complications of diabetes, affecting up to 50% of patients (1–4). Their clinical features vary …

Almost every muscle contains muscle spindles. These delicate sensory receptors inform the
central nervous system (CNS) about changes in the length of individual muscles and the …

Synergy discusses a general problem in biology: The lack of an adequate language for
formulating biologically specific problems. Written for an inquisitive reader who is not …

Considerable evidence shows that sensation from the feet and ankles is important for
standing balance control. It remains unclear, however, to what extent specific foot and ankle …

Locomotion on stairs is among the most challenging and hazardous activities of daily living
for older individuals. This is evidenced by the reports that stair falls account for more than …

Objective Somatosensory function declines with diabetic neuropathy and often with stroke,
resulting in diminished motor performance. Recently, it has been shown that input noise can …

Diabetic foot problems are common throughout the world, resulting in major medical, social
and economic consequences for the patients, their families, and society. Foot ulcers are …

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of reduced plantar sensation
on pressure distribution patterns during gait of 40 healthy subjects (25.3±3.3 yr, 70.8±10.6 …

There is considerable evidence that lower-limb somatosensation contributes to the control of
upright balance. In this study, we investigated the specific role of foot sole cutaneous …

Although motor deficits in humans with diabetic neuropathy have been extensively
researched, its effect on the motor system is thought to be lesser than that on the sensory …