The discovery of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the mid 1990s for the regulation of bone
resorption has led to major advances in our understanding of how bone modeling and …

Evidence from both experimental and clinical trials indicates that inflammatory mediators are
of importance in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (HF) contributing to cardiac …

The use of genetically manipulated mouse models, gene and protein discovery and the
cataloguing of genetic mutations have each allowed us to obtain new insights into skeletal …

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts dictate skeletal mass, structure, and strength via their respective
roles in resorbing and forming bone. Bone remodeling is a spatially coordinated lifelong …

The superfamily of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors includes osteoprotegerin (OPG)
and its ligands, which are receptor activators of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and …

Patients with chronic heart failure (HF) are characterized by systemic inflammation, as
evident by raised circulating levels of several inflammatory cytokines with increasing levels …

The association of bone pathologies with atherosclerosis has stimulated the search for
common mediators linking the skeletal and the vascular system. Since its initial discovery as …

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a glycoprotein that acts as a decoy receptor for receptor activator
of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing …

Objective—Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily
of proteins, plays an important role in bone remodeling and is expressed in both mouse and …

Ischemic heart disease is the principal cause of death worldwide and clinically manifests as
myocardial infarction (MI), stable angina, and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Myocardial …