Motivation has been defined as the process that allows organisms to regulate their internal
and external environment, and control the probability, proximity and availability of stimuli. As …

Despite numerous studies on the neurobiology of depression, the etiological and
pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder remain poorly understood. A large number …

In everyday life, the outcomes of our actions are rarely certain. Further, we often lack the
information needed to precisely estimate the probability and value of potential outcomes as …

Anhedonia, the lack of pleasure, has been shown to be a critical feature of a range of
psychiatric disorders. Yet, it is currently measured primarily through subjective self-reports …

Motivational and hedonic impairments are core aspects of a variety of types of
psychopathology. These impairments cut across diagnostic categories and may be critical to …

CONTEXTO: A" natureza" das emoções é um dos temas arcaicos do pensamento ocidental,
sendo tematizada em diferentes manifestações da cultura como a arte, a religião, a filosofia …

long standing definition of anhedonia as “the inability to experience pleasure” has been
challenged recently following progress in affective neuroscience. In particular, accumulating …

Taste disorders are common among older people and may have serious consequences on
their health status: each of the five main flavors (salty, sweet, sour, bitter and umami) has a …

Although the crucial distinction between unipolar depressive disorder and bipolar disorder is
the presence of mania (or hypomania) in the course of the latter, significant differences …

Several lines of research on mood disorders reveal that depression involves a dysfunction in
an affective fronto-limbic circuitry that involves the prefrontal cortices, the cingulate cortex …