RAS proteins are binary switches, cycling between ON and OFF states during signal
transduction. These switches are normally tightly controlled, but in RAS-related diseases …

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a complex autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline
mutations in the NF1 tumour suppressor gene. Nearly all individuals with neurofibromatosis …

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a relatively common inherited disorder. Patients have a high
predisposition to develop both benign and malignant tumours. Although many …

A molecular biology–based taxonomy has been proposed for pheochromocytoma and
paraganglioma (PPGL). Data from the Cancer Genome Atlas revealed clinically relevant …

Neurofibromin is a large and multifunctional protein encoded by the tumor suppressor gene
NF1, mutations of which cause the tumor predisposition syndrome neurofibromatosis type 1 …

Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder that predisposes
affected individuals to tumours. The NF1 gene encodes a RAS GTPase-activating protein …

Although the roots of Ras sprouted from the rich history of retrovirus research, it was the
discovery of mutationally activated RAS genes in human cancer in 1982 that stimulated an …

From the pioneering work with acute transforming retroviruses to the current post-genomic
era, RAS genes have always been at the leading edge of signal transduction and molecular …

Small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) exist in eukaryotes from yeast to human and
constitute a superfamily consisting of more than 100 members. This superfamily is …

Extensive research on the Ras proteins and their functions in cell physiology over the past
30 years has led to numerous insights that have revealed the involvement of Ras not only in …