Passive investors—ETFs and index funds—are the most important development in modern-
day capital markets, dictating trillions of dollars in capital flows and increasingly owning …

This Article addresses the stakes of the ongoing fight over competing versions of US history
for our understanding of law, with a special focus on property law. Insofar as legal …

Passively managed index funds now hold over 30 of US equity fund assets; this shift raises
fundamental questions about monitoring and governance. We show that, relative to active …

This Article aims to provide a foundation for a form of engagement by large institutional
investors and asset managers with their portfolio companies and with the broader corporate …

This article examines the role of the Big Three asset management firms–BlackRock,
Vanguard and State Street–in corporate environmental governance. Specifically, it …

Index mutual and exchange-traded funds managed by the" Big Three" BlackRock,
Vanguard, and State Street-have grown to be the largest investors in publicly traded …

With increased calls from investors, legislators, and academics for corporations to consider
employee, environmental, social, and governance factors (" EESG") when making decisions …

Scholars and antitrust enforcers have raised concerns about anticompetitive effects that may
arise when insitutional investors hold substantial stakes in competing frms. Their con-cern …

Recent years have witnessed a significant upsurge of interest in alternatives to shareholder-
centric corporate governance, driven by a growing sustainability imperative-widespread …

The passive index investing revolution and the surge in demand for environmental, social,
and governance (" ESG") investment products are the most monumental changes to sweep …