This review summarizes our current understanding of the major pathway for the initiation
phase of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with a focus on recent advances. We describe …

Although it was long thought that eukaryotic translation almost always initiates at an AUG
start codon, recent advancements in ribosome footprint mapping have revealed that non …

Viruses must co-opt the cellular translation machinery to produce progeny virions.
Eukaryotic viruses have evolved a variety of ways to manipulate the cellular translation …

Repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation allows for unconventional initiation at
disease-causing repeat expansions. As RAN translation contributes to pathogenesis in …

Translational control plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression. It is
especially important in defining the proteome, maintaining homeostasis, and controlling cell …

Viruses are fully reliant on the translation machinery of their host cells to produce the
polypeptides that are essential for viral replication. Consequently, viruses recruit host …

The members of the genus Alphavirus are positive-sense RNA viruses, which are
predominantly transmitted to vertebrates by a mosquito vector. Alphavirus disease in …

INTRODUCTION Protein synthesis is controlled by a plethora of developmental and
environmental conditions. One intracellular signaling network, the integrated stress …

Coronaviruses have large positive-strand RNA genomes that are 5′ capped and 3′
polyadenylated. The 5′-terminal two-thirds of the genome contain two open reading frames …

The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR is a critical mediator of the
antiproliferative and antiviral effects exerted by interferons. Not only is PKR an effector …