Infectious disease is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, especially in low-income
countries. The extensive use of antibiotics has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance …

Introduction Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest public health threats worldwide.
Currently, antibiotic-resistant bacteria kill 700,000 people every year. These data represent …

Extensive antibiotic use increases the environmental presence of their residues and may
accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance, although this remains poorly understood …

Thymol and carvacrol are aromatic compounds derived from plants that exhibit considerable
broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects. They have also shown extensive biological effects …

Antibiotics have a primary mode of actions, and most of them have a common secondary
mode of action via reactive species (ROS and RNS) mediated DNA damage. Bacteria have …

The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria indisputably constitutes a major
global health problem. Pathogenic Escherichia coli are listed among the most critical group …

Meningitis is defined as the inflammation of the meninges that is most often caused by
various bacterial and viral pathogens, and is associated with high rates of mortality and …

Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) are contaminants of emerging concern with marked
potential to impact public and environmental health. This review focusses on factors that …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a significant role in the spread of antibiotic resistance
genes (ARGs). Most reported compounds promote HGT by increasing the cell membrane …

Sludge has been recognized as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the
wastewater treatment plants. Our previous study has demonstrated that free ammonia (FA …