In the present narrative review, the probiotic effects of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. are
described in detail, covering the importance of the differential production of lactic acid, the …

Collectins are collagen-containing C-type (calcium-dependent) lectins which are important
pathogen pattern recognising innate immune molecules. Their primary structure is …

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease caused by the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Human SP-D (surfactant protein D) is …

Ebola virus (EBOV) is the causative agent of the often-fatal Ebola virus disease (EVD)
characterized by hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. Sexual …

The cervicovaginal microbiota plays a key role in the health and reproductive outcomes of
women. In reality epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there is an association …

Epithelial cells of the female reproductive tract (FRT) participate in the initial innate immunity
against viral infections. Poly (dA: dT) is a synthetic analog of B form double-stranded (ds) …

The lack of appropriate experimental models often limits our ability to investigate the
establishment of infections in specific tissues. To reproduce the structural and spatial …

Lung surfactant protein D (SP-D) and Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecules-
3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) are pathogen recognising C-type lectin receptors. SP-D …

The innate immune system is comprised of both cellular and humoral players that recognise
and eradicate invading pathogens. Therefore, the interplay between retroviruses and innate …

Vaginal transmission accounts for majority of newly acquired HIV infections worldwide. Initial
events that transpire post-viral binding to vaginal epithelium leading to productive infection …