Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as ectosomes and exosomes have gained attention as
promising natural carriers for drug delivery. Exosomes, which range from 30 to 100 nm in …

The necessity of disease models for bone/cartilage related disorders is well-recognized, but
the barrier between ex-vivo cell culture, animal models and the real human body has been …

Diabetes mellitus is a chronically inflamed disease that predisposes to delayed fracture
healing. Macrophages play a key role in the process of fracture healing by undergoing …

As an emerging cell-free therapy, exosomes derived from stem cells have been widely
explored for tissue regeneration. However, it is still a great challenge to achieve the …

Osteoporosis (OP), characterized by decreased bone density and destruction of bone
microstructure, is a common systemic bone disease in the elderly. Conventional therapies …

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass,
destruction of bone microstructure, raised bone fragility, and enhanced risk of fractures. The …

Exosomes, remarkable extracellular vesicles, have emerged as an advanced frontier in
intercellular communication. This remarkable capacity positions them as promising …

Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of
bone mass and microarchitecture, which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures …

With the rapid development of population ageing, bone-related diseases seriously affecting
the life of the elderly. Over the past few years, organoids, cell clusters with specific functions …

Abstract Rationale: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered a promising resource
for cell therapy, exhibiting efficacy in ameliorating diverse bone diseases. However, most …