The gut microbiota serves as a critical “organ” in the life cycle of animals, particularly in the
intricate interplay between herbivorous pests and plants. This review summarizes the pivotal …

The evolution of a mutualism requires reciprocal interactions whereby one species provides
a service that the other species cannot perform or performs less efficiently. Services …

Beetles are hosts to a remarkable diversity of bacterial symbionts. In this article, we review
the role of these partnerships in promoting beetle fitness following a surge of recent studies …

Insects harbor diverse microorganisms in the gut, providing their host with physiological and
ecological advantages. For example, gut symbionts contribute to detoxification in …

Background Some insects can degrade both natural and synthetic plastic polymers, their
host and gut microbes play crucial roles in this process. However, there is still a scientific …

Insects are the most diverse group of animals and colonize almost all environments on our
planet. This diversity is reflected in the structure and function of the microbial communities …

Ips typographus L.(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the serious pests causing mass
destruction of European spruce forests, with a substantial economic impact. Symbiotic …

The petrochemical industry has grown to meet the need for massive production of energy
and commodities along with an explosive population growth; however, serious side effects …

Plant cell walls represent the most abundant pool of organic carbon in terrestrial ecosystems
but are highly recalcitrant to utilization by microbes and herbivores owing to the physical and …

Symbiotic microbes can enable their host to access untapped nutritional resources but may
also constrain niche space by promoting specialization. Here, we reconstruct functional …