Central and peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) regulate feeding signals for
energy metabolism. Disruption of central 5-HT signaling via 5-HT2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) …

Summary Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cytokine that reduces food intake
through activation of hindbrain GFRAL-RET receptors and has become a keen target of …

Chemotherapy is the most common treatment for malignant tumors. However, chemotherapy-
induced gastrointestinal toxicity (CIGT) has been a major concern for cancer patients, which …

Objective Overweight and obesity are endemic in developed countries, with a substantial
negative impact on human health. Medications developed to treat obesity include agonists …

Previous studies have established anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective
effects of Exenatide in the central nervous system. Since these mechanisms are thought to …

Light plays an essential role in a variety of physiological processes, including vision, mood,
and glucose homeostasis. However, the intricate relationship between light and an animal's …

Stress responses are coordinated by widespread neural circuits. Homeostatic and
psychogenic stressors activate preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the caudal nucleus of the …

ABSTRACT Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), a hormone released from enteroendocrine
cells in the distal small and large intestines in response to nutrients and other stimuli, not …

Abstract Within the hindbrain, serotonin (5-HT) functions as a modulator of the central
glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) system. This interaction between 5-HT and GLP-1 is …

GDF15 is a stress response cytokine and a distant member of the transforming growth factor
beta (TGFβ) superfamily, its levels increase in response to cell stress and certain diseases in …