The effects of high ambient temperatures on production animals, once thought to be limited
to tropical areas, has extended into northern latitudes in response to the increasing global …

One of the “Five Freedoms” proposed by the Farm Animal Welfare Council in Great Britain is
that animals should be free to express normal behaviour. For various domesticated species …

Understanding the behaviour of grazing animals at pasture is crucial in order to develop
management strategies that will increase the potential productivity of grazing systems and …

Challenges are there to be overcome–seen usually as problems to avoid rather than as
opportunities to enjoy. However, for humans a life without challenge would be likely to be …

One of the Five Freedoms established by the British Farm Animal Welfare Council is the
freedom for animals to express normal behaviour. However, for beef cattle, the major …

Grazing is considered a normal behavior for dairy cattle, although they may not be able to
meet their nutritional requirements from grazing alone, and so to sustain higher yields …

In free-ranging or grazing animals, physical activity can account for a substantial proportion
of their total energy requirement with considerable consequences for animals at low …

It has been postulated that implementing appropriate cognitive challenges in the housing of
captive animals allows them to use their cognitive skills, and to learn to control certain …

It was not until the end of the 1990's that animal born satellite receivers catapulted range
cattle ecology into the 21st century world of microchip technology with all of its opportunities …

Contrafreeloading (CFL) is the phenomenon when animals work for a resource although an
identical resource is available for free. Possible explanations for CFL are that animals seek …