West Nile virus (WNV) is continuously spreading across Europe, and other continents, ie
North and South America and many other regions of the world. Despite the overall sporadic …

West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic, arthropod-borne flavivirus that is maintained in an
enzootic cycle between mosquitoes and birds, but can also infect and cause disease in …

Abstract Background Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes are two-host tick
species, which are mainly distributed in southern Europe, Africa and middle-eastern Asia …

Eastern Europe (EE) has been severely affected by mosquito-borne viruses (moboviruses).
In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of moboviruses, with particular attention to …

Between July and August 2017, seven of 12,047 blood donations from eastern Austria,
reacted positive to West Nile virus (WNV) in the cobas test (Roche). Follow-up investigations …

Conclusion: Equine viral diseases though restricted to certain geographical areas have
huge impact on equine and human health. Diseases like West Nile fever, Hendra, VS, VEE …

The annual movements of migratory birds can contribute to the spread of African ticks and
tick-borne pathogens of potential public health concern across Europe. The aim of the study …

Hyalomma ticks can transmit several human and animal pathogens in Eurasia and Africa.
Interest in Hyalomma marginatum has increased since the recent (re) emergence of …

Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging flavivirus that is maintained in an enzootic cycle with
mosquitoes as vectors and birds as amplifying hosts. In Europe, the virus has caused mass …

The continuous flow of billions of birds between Africa and Europe creates an “ecological
bridge” between physically remote areas. Migratory birds fly south from their breeding …