Integrons are a segment of dsDNA that play a major role in bacterial adaptation and
evolution. These genetic determinants are known by the presence of three necessary …

Objectives Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP)
have emerged as an important pathogen causing severe infections worldwide. Infections …

Background Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common
healthcare-associated acquired infection. We aimed to describe the short-and long-term …

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has increasingly become one of the most common
pathogens causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Objectives: In the present study …

Methods This cross-sectional study involved VAP patients admitted in the ICUs of 18
hospitals in the Mazandaran province, located in the North of Iran. The antibiotic …

Background: Ventilator-associated infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-
lactamases (ESBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa leads to severe complications …

Background and purpose: Multiple drug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae has restricted the
available options for treatment of infections caused by these bacteria. The aim of this study …

Background Integrons are bacterial mobile genetic components responsible for mediating
the antibiotic resistance process by carrying and spreading antimicrobial resistance genes …

Resistance to β-lactams in Enterobacteriaceae, associated with plasmid-mediated extended-
spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), has become a worldwide problem. The aim of this study is …

Background: Assessment of bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia has shown that Plasmid-
mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) affects antibiotics resistance (eg, quinolones) …